travis: enable ccache for docker/qemu builds

As we compile-test non-x86_64 architectures under qemu emulation,
it works pretty slow.
Dmitry Safonov suggested, and Andrey Vagin initially implemented
supporting ccache for such builds. This patch is based heavily
on Andrey's work -- all the bugs added are purely mine though.

Performance results: in an ideal environment (two builds of the same
code, one with cold (empty) ccache, another with the hot one)
I saw compile time improvements of 4x to 5x, and total test run time
improvement up to 2x to 2.5x. In layman terms, the complete test run
that was taking more than 50 minutes now takes about 25!

Notes on handling .ccache directory:

1. Before running docker build, .ccache directory (saved in between
   runs by Travis) is moved to criu source code root, from where it
   is copied by docker together with criu sources.

2. In Dockerfile, .ccache gets moved to /tmp, and CCACHE_DIR
   is set accordingly.

3. After running docker build, .ccache is copied out from docker
   container back to the host (from where it is saved by Travis).

Ccache envorinment notes:

1. CCACHE_NOCOMPRESS is needed because otherwise tons of time is spent
   on compression/decompression (big performance hit under qemu).

2. CCACHE_CPP2 is required with clang, see detailed explanation at
   http://petereisentraut.blogspot.com/2011/09/ccache-and-clang-part-2.html
   The logic of setting CCACHE_CPP2 in Dockerfile is somewhat fancy;
   unfortunately I was not able to come up with a simpler approach.

Misc:

1. Travis runs "ccache -s" after the build is completed. A call to
   "ccache -s" is called to Dockerfile before make, so one can
   compare before/after numbers.

2. make invocations are surrounded by "date" calls so one can get the
   compilation times.

Changes in v2:
 - consolidate Dockerfile statements (ENV, RUN)
 - single object make test is no longer commented out
 - simplify "make mrproper" test
Signed-off-by: Kir Kolyshkin <kir@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Safonov <dsafonov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@virtuozzo.com>

scripts/build/Dockerfile.alpine

 FROM alpine:3.5
 ARG CC=gcc
+ARG ENV1=FOOBAR
+
 RUN apk update && apk add \
                 build-base \
                 coreutils \
@@ -12,18 +14,20 @@ RUN apk update && apk add \
                 libnl3-dev \
                 pkgconfig \
                 libnet-dev \
+                ccache \
                 $CC
 
 COPY . /criu
 WORKDIR /criu
-RUN make mrproper && make -j $(nproc) CC=$CC
+ENV CC="ccache $CC" CCACHE_DIR=/tmp/.ccache CCACHE_NOCOMPRESS=1 $ENV1=yes
+RUN mv .ccache /tmp; make mrproper; ccache -s; \
+	date; make -j $(nproc) CC="$CC"; date
 
-# to run tests
+# Run a test
 RUN apk add	py-yaml \
 		py-pip	\
 		ip6tables \
 		iptables \
-		iproute2
-
-RUN pip install protobuf
-RUN make -C test/zdtm/static env00
+		iproute2 \
+	&& pip install protobuf \
+	&& make -C test/zdtm/static env00

scripts/build/Dockerfile.tmpl

 ARG CC=gcc
+ARG ENV1=FOOBAR
 
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
                 build-essential \
@@ -16,15 +17,25 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
                 pkg-config \
                 git-core \
 		libnet-dev \
+		ccache \
                 $CC
 
 COPY . /criu
 WORKDIR /criu
+ENV CC="ccache $CC" CCACHE_DIR=/tmp/.ccache CCACHE_NOCOMPRESS=1 $ENV1=yes
+
+RUN mv .ccache /tmp && make mrproper; ccache -s; \
+	date; \
+# Check single object build
+	make -j $(nproc) CC="$CC" criu/parasite-syscall.o; \
+# Compile criu
+	make -j $(nproc) CC="$CC"; \
+	date; \
+# Check that "make mrproper" works
+	make mrproper && ! git clean -ndx --exclude=scripts/build \
+	--exclude=.config --exclude=test | grep .
+
+# Compile tests
+RUN date; make -j $(nproc) CC="$CC" -C test/zdtm; date
 
-RUN make mrproper
-RUN make -j $(nproc) CC=$CC V=1 criu/parasite-syscall.o
-RUN make -j $(nproc) CC=$CC V=1
-RUN make mrproper
-RUN bash -c 'CLEAN="$(git clean -ndx --exclude=scripts/build --exclude=.config)"; echo "${CLEAN}"; test -z "${CLEAN}"; exit $?'
-RUN make -j $(nproc) CC=$CC -C test/zdtm
 #RUN make test/compel/handle_binary && ./test/compel/handle_binary

scripts/build/Makefile

@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@ binfmt_misc:
 $(QEMU_ARCHES): qemu-user-static binfmt_misc
 
 $(TARGETS):
-	docker build  -t criu-$@ -f Dockerfile.$@ $(DB_CC) ../..
+	mkdir -p $(HOME)/.ccache
+	mv $(HOME)/.ccache ../../
+	docker build  -t criu-$@ -f Dockerfile.$@ $(DB_CC) $(DB_ENV) ../..
+	docker run criu-$@ tar c -C /tmp .ccache | tar x -C $(HOME)
 .PHONY: $(TARGETS)
 
 # Clang builds add some Docker build env
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@ endef
 $(foreach t,$(TARGETS),$(eval $(call CLANG_DEP,$(t))))
 
 %-clang:	DB_CC=--build-arg CC=clang-3.8
+%-clang:	DB_ENV=--build-arg ENV1=CCACHE_CPP2
 alpine-clang:	DB_CC=--build-arg CC=clang
 aarch64-clang:	DB_CC=--build-arg CC=clang-3.6
 .PHONY: $(TARGETS_CLANG)